Oxidative stress and free radicals
As their name suggests, antioxidants are associated with properties that help protect the body’s cells against oxidation. The oxidation process within our body is similar to rust on metal. Indeed, when in contact with oxygen, the atoms that make up our body’s cells undergo changes. Because of these changes, oxygen becomes unstable and causes the elements it comes into contact with to decompose, which can lead to biological damage. These unstable atoms, which initiate the oxidation process, are called free radicals. The formation of free radicals is normal during cellular metabolism, i.e., the process that allows cells to function, grow and reproduce.
When a cell is attacked by free radicals, it is said to be under oxidative stress. The latter is associated with cellular aging, which is normal as we age but can be accelerated by overexposure to free radicals. It is believed that this premature aging of cells could be associated with the development of diseases, in particular, cardiovascular diseases or certain forms of cancer.